Pensions are vital for ensuring financial well-being after retirement, but many Dutch retirees remain financially vulnerable. Specifically, 2-3% of those aged 65-80 and 4-6% of those aged 80-90 live below the poverty line. Additionally, 28% of retirees struggle financially, and 21% are worried about their finances. The considerable proportion of Dutch retirees facing financial vulnerability is problematic as such difficulties may result in financial stress, which can ultimately negatively affect people’s health and well-being.

This study aims to fill knowledge gaps by examining financial vulnerability beyond replacement rates, including factors like expenditures, subjective well-being, financial stress, and resilience. It investigates how various life course risk factors—such as education, work history, family planning, home ownership, health, and social and institutional capital—in combination contribute to financial vulnerability. The study also looks at how lacking financial, functional, and digital skills impacts vulnerability.

By identifying combinations of risk factors, particularly among vulnerable groups like women, migrants, and the self-employed, the study seeks to develop targeted interventions to enhance financial resilience. This approach involves collaboration with pension policymakers and the creative industry to align with current initiatives and utilize advanced design methods.

This project is partly funded with PPS from the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate through CLICKNL.