This doctoral thesis covers two topics that have gained considerable attention from policy makers, academics, and business representatives: export credit insurance and life expectancy. It consists of three essays. The first one (chapter 2), entitled “Quantification of Longevity Risk of China” and co-authored with Prof. Dr. Bertrand Melenberg, examines the effect of longevity risk on pension and annuities pricing and liabilities in the context of China. The second one (chapter 3), also a joint work with Prof. Dr. Bertrand Melenberg and entitled “Health Expectancy of the Chinese Elderly: Current Trends and Future Projection”, estimates as well as projects health expectancy of Chinese elderly based on Sullivan’s approach. The third one (chapter 4), sing-authored and entitled “Export Credit Insurance and Trade Promotion”, theoretically and empirically studies the roles played by export credit insurance programs in mitigating non-payment risks and in promoting export levels.